Page 402 - 360.revista de Alta Velocidad - Nº 5

Zhenhua Chen

production activity, following Chen et al., (2016)’s approach, labor productivity of passenger
rail system is adopted as a proxy to measure the productivity change of rail sector. Essentially,
as denoted in Equation 6, labor productivity (P) is a ratio which is derived from using the
passengerkm (PKM) divided by the number of employees in each region (r):

Source: The Compilation of Railway Statistics, 2003-2014
Figure 6. The Average Labor Output Change of Passenger Rail in China: 2002-2013

Figure 6 illustrates the change of labor output (PKM/Employee) by different regions for the
period 2002-2013. The general trend of the average labor output is growing, which suggests
that the productivity of passenger rail has been improved since the massive development of
HSR. The performance in some regions, such as the Yangtze River Mid-Reaches and the South
coast, experienced some fluctuations during 2006-2012. This is primarily due to the expansion
of labor force in rail transportation sector due to the opening of several main HSR services, such
as the Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR.

• E. Data for SCGE Modelling

The benchmark data used for SCGE modeling is based on the SinoTERM database (Horridge and
Wittwer, 2008), which contains the national input-output or use-supply table of China in 2002
as well as regional data used for the estimates of regional distribution of output and final de-
mand. A detailed TERM database structure and development process could be found in Horridge

400 360.revista de alta velocidad