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Airline and railway disintegration in China: the case of Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub

10. In Table 3, the term ‘HSR’ refers to the so-called passenger dedicated HSR long lines
passing through the study area (e.g. Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway). The term
‘Intercity Rail’ refers to those HSR short lines running between cities within the study
area (e.g. Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, Shanghai–Hangzhou intercity
high-speed railway). Technologically, they are both HSR lines carrying train types G
and D.
11. For air services, the cheapest economy fare and, for rail, the fare for the fastest
service were assumed. While rail schedules and fares are relatively constant across
days (as there is only one service supplier), air flight schedules and fares fluctuate
over time due to the existence of competition between multiple airlines and travel
agencies. This means that rail fares might be more attractive, especially closer to the
day of departure. Data used here represent the average.
12. For air transport, five daily services or higher is considered to be high-frequency
service.
13. The new line is planned with a station at San Francisco International airport at one end
of the line, but without connection to Los Angeles International airport on the other
end.
14. HS2, or high-speed 2, is the HSR line planned from London to the North, Birmingham in
stage 1 and later Manchester and Leeds in Stage 2. Heathrow airport is not planned as
a station on the line, but a branch line connection is planned as part of Stage 2. The
connection of HS2 with HS1, will allow HSR services from Britain to Europe, Paris and
Brussels especially.
15. It is evident in Tables 4 and 5 that currently there are many ‘thin’ (with very low
frequency of service) routes served by both air and HSR services, often in competition
between the modes.
16. At present, the interairport link between Hongqiao and Pudong Airports (separated by
Huangpu River) is very poor, taking one hour or longer. Metro Line 2 that connects the
airports is very crowded since it serves and traverses the urban CBD area. At present,
the planned Maglev service between the airports has been suspended.
17. Source: http://english.gov.cn/policies/policy_watch/2016/06/30/
content_281475383269632.htm. (last accessed on 2/8/16).
18. Source: http://news.takungpao.com/mainland/focus/ 2016-02/3282727.html. (last
accessed on 2/8/16).

8. Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

9. Acknowledgment

We would like to thank the International Association for China Planning (IACP) for organising
this special issue.

International Congress on High-speed Rail: Technologies and Long Term Impacts - Ciudad Real (Spain) - 25th anniversary Madrid-Sevilla corridor 77