Page 69 - 360.revista de Alta Velocidad - Nº 6

Airline and railway disintegration in China: the case of Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub

million m , 16 platforms, and 30 tracks. It is planned to cater in the future for Maglev services
2
but these are yet to be finally decided on. The station only provides HSR services (train types
G – 65% of the services and D – 35% of the services – see Appendix A) on the Beijing–Shanghai
Passenger Dedicated Line (PDL), Shanghai–Hangzhou Intercity HSR Line and Shanghai–Nanjing
Intercity HSR Line, all three opened in 2010–2011. The 143 services departing from the station
(in 2013) served 28 cities the main ones being: Beijing (South) served by 32 daily services;
Nanjing, Ningbo (East) and Hangzhou by about 16 daily services and Hankou by 12 daily services.
Twenty-three destinations were served by less than 10 daily trains, many by one or two only.
The Coach station at the hub provides inter-city bus services from/to Shanghai, mainly to
Jiangsu Province – located at the core of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Megaregion (204 coach
services per day) and Zhejiang Province (74 coach services per day). Hongqiao hub is also well
connected with the Motorway network.
Hongqiao hub is planned to be well integrated with the city’s transport network. Five different
metro lines are planned to pass through the airport, with Metro Line 2 (connects Hongqiao and
Pudong airports) and Metro Line 10 (has a stop at the railway station, Terminal 2 and Terminal
1) already in operation. Metro Lines 5, 17 and the Qingpu Express are under construction. The
hub also serves a wide range of local bus routes.
Overall, Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub offers excellent air, rail and road
infrastructure and is well connected. It is a major node on all of these respective networks. It
thus certainly has the conditions to be a truly Integrated Hub.
3.2 The demand side

According to Shanghai Hongqiao’s Central Business District Governing Board, on average 684,300
passengers used the various transport facilities at the Hub every day in 2013 (see Table 1 for
5
details). This daily demand split was 50.6% for urban transport and 56.5% for intercity long-
distance travel. The majority of long-distance passengers used the rail station (28.7%), while
only 13.9% passengers used the airport. The daily demand is forecast to grow to 693,600 in
2020, with most of the increase expected in the demand for rail travel (the railway station
is expected to cater for 45.5% of the demand ). The demand for Coach services will increase
6
almost threefold but will continue to serve a relatively minor share of the hub’s passengers.
The airport is also expected to grow, but by only 15% and in 2020 is expected to serve 109,400
passengers per day, equivalent to about 40 million passengers per year, just over 11% of the
Hub’s daily demand. By 2020, most of the passengers using the hub, almost 60%, will be intercity
long-distance travelers. With respect to intracity travel, the metro is the main access/egress
mode to the hub. Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub is still a relatively new transport
facility that is rapidly growing, the demand for its services is focused around the long distance
travel modes, rail and air, with the rest of the demand for various modes is mainly to access/
egress the railway and airport services .
7

International Congress on High-speed Rail: Technologies and Long Term Impacts - Ciudad Real (Spain) - 25th anniversary Madrid-Sevilla corridor 67