A Telecommunications Network is a system essential to the overall architecture of a railway line. The distribution along the entire line of services associated with key elements for safe movement of trains such as railway signal transmission, the power management catenary, communications between train drivers and traffic controllers, or services necessary for the maintenance of the line, becoming indispensable. Such is the case that the loss of availability of any element in a telecommunications network of a railway line can lead to non-viability and hence the impossibility of movement of business machines. Without going into more detail on the types of services and their availability requirements, a number of characteristics associated with physical architecture of a railway line whose study can facilitate the optimization of the design of its telecommunications network.

 

In this paper, we study the aforementioned characteristics to establish certain design criteria applying these restrictions to the classic tools in the design of networks as graphs theory, so that after a short study graph model and the resources available, we can design a high availability network.

 

As a final conclusion, this article shows that the inclusion of rail environments restrictions to the classic tools of network design, we provide more effective models in the NP network optimization problem.