This paper analyses the changes in mobility and modal share in a railway corridor after the construction of a new high-speed line (HSL), during the last economic crisis.

The following chapters describe the new HSL Madrid-Levante, that connects Madrid with Valencia and Alicante, detailing the fieldwork carried out (before and after the HSL), and finally presents the most relevant results, mainly in relation to modal share.

The first results of the analysis carried out in Madrid-Galicia and Madrid-León / Asturias corridors are also presented.

From the results of these studies, we observe the great modal shift experienced in the relationships where a high-speed rail (HSR) is implemented, turning the railroad into a very important mode of transport, reaching between 25 and 35% of passengers. Airplane experiences a great fall in its demand, maintaining basically the connection traffic, whereas car, although it descends, continues being the dominant mode of transport.