Very few contributions in the literature have dealt with the issue of social exclusion related to High Speed Rail systems. The objective of this manuscript is to understand what are the factors excluding users from choosing High Speed Rail services considering the case study of Spain. For this purpose, a Revealed Preference survey was conducted between November-December 2015. A questionnaire was submitted to users of the Spanish transport system travelling for long-distance trips. The research aimed at investigating their perception of the High Speed Rail system and the factors inhibiting passengers or excluding them from its use. Data about their socioeconomic characteristics were collected as well. The analysis of the survey identified a relationship between social exclusion and High Speed Rail in Spain, especially in terms of geographical exclusion.