This thesis considers and analyses different approaches to high speed rail, setting several objectives. The first of these objectives is to systematise transversal knowledge on high speed. Secondly, to develop thematic cartography as a way of graphic and geographic expression of the research process, and as a support to connect hypotheses, research and conclusions. Another objective is the use of topological analysis and graph theory to represent and analyse the structuring and expansion of the Spanish high-speed network. Finally, the last objective is the use of gravity models to calculate the potential demand of passengers in the network, its comparison with real traffic and the expected one in the future.